Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses various streams. Gas chromatography is the process of separating, identifying and quantifying the various compositional elements of a compound. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Encyclopedia of life support systems eolss affinity chromatography. Horizontal or circular paper chromatography permits separation of sample components in the form of concentric circular zones through radial movement of liquid phase. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Barua, department of electrical engineering, iit kharagpur. The sample solution injected into the instrument enters a gas stream which transports the sample into a separation tube known as the column. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The power of chromatography 9 comes from its ability to separate a mixture of compounds, or analytes, and. The sample injector system may be automatic or manual. Many of the papers in this volume are based on lectures presented at the eighth annual gas chromatography institute held at canisius college, buffalo, new york, april 1115, 1966, and at the pesticide residue analysis workshop con ducted at the institute by leonard r. Chemical engineering modern instrumental methods of. And in this case, your stationary phase is a liquid, while your mobile phase is some kind of carrier gas thats passing over the liquid.
Separation science offers free learning from the experts covering methods, applications, webinars, eseminars, videos, tutorials for gc analysis users of chromatography, mass spectrometry, sample preparation and related. The pressure is applied and the mobile phase moves the analyte through the column. In gas chromatography gc, the sample is vaporized and injected onto the head of a chromatographic column. May 27, 2011 gas chromatography power point presentations. Gas chromatography principle, instrumentation and method in. Adsorption chromatography the stationary phase is a solid on which the sample components are adsorbed. Chromatography definition, the separation of mixtures into their constituents by preferential adsorption by a solid, as a column of silica column chromatography or a strip of filter paper paper chromatography or by a gel. Introduction gas chromatography it is a process of separating component s from the given crude drug by using a gaseous mobile phase. Gas chromatography lecture this chromatography lecture explains.
Early practice of gas chromatography was done with packed columns. When a house gas supply, rather than separate tanks. The analysis performed by a gas chromatograph is called gas chromatography. Analysis of steam assisted gravity drainage produced water using twodimensional gas chromatography with timeofflight mass spectrometry matthew a. Gas chromatography differs from other forms of chromatography in that the mobile phase is a gas and the components are separated as vapors it is thus used to separate and detect small molecular weight compounds in the gas phase. Modern instrumental methods of analysis nptel online videos. The sample is either a gas or a liquid that is vaporized in the injection port. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Ashwani k sharma,department of biotechnology,iit roorkee.
Gas chromatography definition, principle, working, uses. Elution is brought about by the flow of an inert gaseous mobile phase. Chapter 1 2 3 introduction, chromatography theory, and. Chromatography is widely used in all kinds of applications areas, such as medical, environmental, food analysis, pharmaceutical, toxicology, quality testing and many more. Other models of separation include reversephase, normalphase, ionexchange and sizeexclusion. Packed columns are typically a glass or stainless steel coil typically 15 m total length and 5 mm inner diameter that is filled with the stationary phase, or a packing coated with the stationary phase. Analytical technologies in biotechnology free video lectures. So what happens is, you inject your sample, and it travels in a coil tube into that box known as. Centrifugal separation processes and their calculations. Gas chromatography analytical chemistry acs publications. The mobile phase does not interact with molecule of the analyte. Gas liquid chromatography glc gas solid chromatography gsc. Gas chromatography definition, principles, procedure and. The mobile phase may be a liquid liquidsolid chromatography or a gas gassolid.
Highperformance liquid chromatography hplc scope instrumentation eluants, injectors, columns modes of hplc partition chromatography adsorption chromatography ion chromatography size exclusion chromatography. Gas chromatography working principle and instrumentation lecture. Gasliquid chromatography glc gassolid chromatography gsc. Gas chromatography runs on the principle of pa rtition chromatography for separation of components. Mod03 lec03 lowpressure liquid chromatography lplc and high performance liquid chromatography. This page just looks in a simple introductory way at how it can be. Gas chromatography, color writing, is a technique used to separate the components of a gas sample for analysis. So what happens is, you inject your sample, and it travels in a coil tube into that box known as the gas chromatograph. Lecture 17 gas and vapour power cycles, otto cycle, diesel cycle, dual cycle.
Jul 04, 2016 gas chromatography lecture this chromatography lecture explains about the instrumentation, principle of gas chromatography. When properly utilized, it provides both qualitative i. Gas chromatography an overview sciencedirect topics. The power of chromatography comes from its ability to separate a mixture of compounds, or analytes, and. A gas chromatograph gc is an analytical instrument that measures the content of various components in a sample. Chromatography is carried out to separate an often complex sample mixture into its individual components and to obtain information in terms of. These include column chromatography, high performance liquid. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
The sample is transported through the column by the flow of inert, gaseous mobile phase. The plane can be a paper, serving as such or impregnated by a substance as the stationary bed paper chromatography or a layer of solid particles spread on a support such as a glass plate thin layer chromatography. Oct 14, 2019 gas chromatography gc is an analytical technique used to separate and analyze samples that can be vaporized without thermal decomposition. Ion exchange chromatography ion exchange chromatography is the purification technique, which involves the separation of the proteins based on the ions exchange. Analysis by gas chromatography in this experiment we will study the method of gas chromatography. After separation, the quantity, or mole %, of each component is accurately measured. This course is designed to familiarize the students with various instrumental methods of chemical analysis that scientists and engineers come across during their course work and research undertakings. Ion exchange and chromatographic separation processes. Autoplay when autoplay is enabled, a suggested video will automatically play next. Gas chromatography column gas chromatography columns are of two designs. Gas chromatography lecture this chromatography lecture explains about the instrumentation, principle of gas chromatography. Gas chromatography gc is one of the most important analytical tools that the chemist has.
Modern instrumental methods of analysis nptel online. Once the gas composition has been determined, the heating value. Video presentations called introduction to gc can be found by clicking this link. Alok barua, department of electrical engineering,iit kharagpur. Depending on stationary phase used in this analytical technique, there are two types of gas chromatography. An introduction to ion exchange chromatography this video presentation covers the basic principles of ion exchange chromatography including media choice, buffer selection, and factors that impact resolution. Technically, gplc is the most correct term, since the separation of components in this type of chromatography relies on differences in behavior between a flowing mobile gas phase and a stationary liquid phase. Video conferencing facility has been provided at this centre to enable. Gasliquid chromatography often just called gas chromatography is a powerful tool in analysis. Gas chromatographyalso referred to as gasliquid chromatography glcis a specific type of chromatography that utilizes an inert gaseous mobile phase and a liquid stationary phase. Chromatography is becoming more and more refined and improved every day. Nov 21, 2014 horizontal or circular paper chromatography. Ppt ion exchange chromatography powerpoint presentation. The sample solution injected into the instrument enters a gas stream which transports the sample into a separation tube.
Chapter 1 introduction, chromatography theory, and instrument. Introduction and basic concepts in chromatography 1 youtube. Lecture 16 lowpressure liquid chromatography lplc and high performance liquid. Mudakavi,department of chemical engineering, iisc bangalore. Gas and liquid chromatography encyclopedia of life. Gas chromatography definition, principles, procedure and theory. Page 1 nptel video course nptel video course proteomics proteomics prof. One phase is the water, which is held in the pores of the filter paper used. From the gas carrier cylinder, the gas is passed under a fixed rate through a pressure gauge which indicates the speed of flow of gas into the. Nptel, iit, lectures, courses, video, engineering, online. Oct 22, 2018 the sample is either a gas or a liquid that is vaporized in the injection port. It is fast, simple, sensitive and usually requires little sample. Gas chromatography working principle and instrumentation.
A highpurity gas with traps for water, hydrocarbons and oxygen is recommended. Gas chromatography working principle and instrumentation lecture duration. Nptel video course aerospace engineering jet aircraft propulsion. Highresolution gas chromatography is covered, along with highperformance liquid chromatography. Monomer content and purity analysis by gas chromatography gc. The stationary phase is a liquid layer supported over a stationary phase while the mobile phase is an inert and stable gas. Microscopy radioisotope techniques chromatographic methods. Helium or nitrogen is used as the socalled carrier gas. Analytical technologies in biotechnology biotechnology. A wide range of chromatographic procedures makes use of differences in size, binding affinities, charge, and other properties.
Chapter 1 introduction, chromatography theory, and. The carrier gas is kept in a metallic cylinder and outflow is controlled by a regulator. Such columns are still used for preparative chromatography as they can handle larger amounts of materials. The film must have a high boiling point mobile phase. Introduction to gc harold mcnair, virginia tech, usa abstract chromatography is an excellent and extremely powerful separation technique. Gas chromatography principle, instrumentation and method. Analytical technologies in biotechnology online course video. Your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available. Introduction to gas chromatography gas chromatography is a chromatography technique that can separate and analyze volatile compounds in gas phase. This type of chromatography was primarily designed to evaluate volatile. Planar chromatography is a separation technique in which the stationary phase is present as or on a plane.
Chapter 1 introduction, chromatography theory, and instrument calibration 1. Now, this looks pretty different compared to the others. In a broad sense, gas chromatography is a very powerful and one of the most common instrumental analysis techniques in use. A circular shaped filter paper is employed and different arrangements are used. The last kind of chromatography is gas chromatography. An introduction to gas chromatographymass spectrometry and the inherited organic acidemias. It involves a sample being vaporized and injected onto the head of the chromatographic column. Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures. This is achieved by measuring how each of the different components reacts with being converted from a liquid or solid stationary phase into a. Gas chromatography is a sensitive, accurate, reproducible, quantitative and. Sometimes gas chromatography is known as gas liquid partition chromatography glpc or vaporphase chromatography vpc.
The principle involved is partition chromatography wherein the substances are distributed or partitioned between liquid phases. An introduction to gas chromatographymass spectrometry. The centre is an nptel local chapter with nptel swayam running. An introduction to chromatographic separations1 duration. In column liquid chromatography, as the liquid mobile phase passes through the column, components in the mobile phase interact to varying degrees with the solid stationary phase, also known as the chromatography media or resin. Thats a fancy name for the equipment used to run gas chromatography. Gas chromatography gc is a common type of chromatography used in. In this lab you will watch and listen to a video presentation about gc, look at a researchlevel gc instrument, and learn how to do a qualitative and. Chromatography analytical is practiced with capillary columns, which are open tubular columns. Lecture series on industrial instrumentation by prof. Sometimes gas chromatography is known as gasliquid partition chromatography glpc or vaporphase chromatography vpc. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Nov 17, 2017 introduction to gas chromatography gas chromatography is a chromatography technique that can separate and analyze volatile compounds in gas phase.
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